Endocrine Abstracts

Although primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is usually cured by surgery, some individuals are unable to undergo parathyroidectomy and are refractory to standard calcium lowering medical therapy. In such cases, targeted therapy with cinacalcet may be useful.The aim of this study was to access the short-term efficacy of cinacalcet in lowering calcium (Ca2+) levels in patients with PHPT unable to undergo parathyroidectomy and refractory to standa...

Background and Aim: Unacylated ghrelin (UAG) is the major form of circulating ghrelin. Initially considered as a non-functional peptide, soon after UAG has been associated to a negative action on energy balance, suppression of hepatic glucose production and decrease in circulating levels of insulin. The aim of this study was to analyze the association between the serum levels of UAG and glucose metabolism parameters in obese women, independently from the eventual interference ...

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterised by occurrence of parathyroid tumours and neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) of the pancreas and pituitary, which is caused by mutations of the MEN1 gene, encoding menin. Mouse models are important in elucidating mechanisms of MEN1 tumourigenesis and treatments, but the current models have limitations. Thus, in conventional heterozygous MEN1 knockout models, tumour d...

Both metabolism and cardiac function fluctuate over the course of the day according to energy supply and demand. The triiodothyronine (T3) regulates several genes related to metabolism and function in cardiomyocytes. Our previous data have suggested that there is a potential interrelationship between the regulation of cardiac function by T3 and the intrinsic circadian clock in the heart. Considering that: i) the hypothyroidism is associated to a reduction...

Stiff person syndrome (SPS) is a rare disease characterized by progressive muscle rigidity and spasms, which can lead to functional disability. This condition can be challenging to diagnose if there is no high index of suspicion. Its etiology is unknown, but one of the most likely causes is autoimmune aggression, which is corroborated by that fact that it is associated with other autoimmune diseases in half of the cases described in literature.We will pr...

The anterior pituitary gland occupies a central position in the hypothalamus–pituitary glands axes and secretes hormones involved in reproduction, growth, and metabolism. The plasma concentrations of pituitary hormones present fluctuations during the 24 h and are markedly altered during the hypothyroidism. The presence of an intra-pituitary circadian oscillator might be related to these oscillations; however, the molecular mechanism and the consequences of the hypothyroid...

Objective: Microalbuminuria is usually the first microvascular complication of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). We aimed to identify its frequency, time of occurrence and related risk factors.Methods: Clinical reports of 201 children followed in our institution were retrospectively analysed (diabetes duration 3.8±3.6 years, age at diagnosis 8.1±3.7 years, HbA1c value 9.0±1.7%). Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS version.21 for Wi...

Introduction: Hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state (HHS) and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) are the two most serious acute metabolic complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). The authors propose to characterise the admissions for HHS and DKA at a univeristy hospital.Methods: An observational, descriptive, and retrospective study in adults admitted to the hospital between January 2009 and October 2013 due to HHS and DKA. The information was accessed via the patie...

TSH is the main regulator of the thyroid hormones (THs) synthesis/secretion, which in turn exert a negative feedback mechanism on the Tshb mRNA expression in the pituitary gland by reducing their transcription rate. Some of triiodothyronine (T3) effects are also shown in short period of time, characterizing the non genomic actions of THs. It has been shown previously that T3 acts on posttranscriptional steps of TSH synthesis and reduces its secre...

Introduction: Ogilvie’s syndrome (acute colonic pseudo-obstruction) is a syndrome in which the clinical features resemble those of mechanical obstruction with massive colonic dilatation, in the absence of any demonstrable evidence of such an obstruction in the intestine. The exact pathophysiology of intestinal pseudo-obstruction remains to be elucidated. Current theories continue to suggest the idea of an imbalance in the autonomic nervous system. The initial therapy rema...